Regulating nozzle



July 19, 1938.

G. H. woTRlNG REGULATING NOZZLE Filed May 29, 1955" ,Inventor Gmglod H. Wobwihg,

His Abbo-#heg Patented July 19, 1938 UNiTEo STATES PA'I'EN GFFEE REGULATING NOZZLE New York Application May 29, 1935, Serial No. 24,003

3 Claims.

The invention relates to nozzles, particularly fluid atomizing nozzles such as used in oil burners although the improved regulating nozzle construction of the present invention may be used 5 in other service if desired.

One of the objects is to provide any improved fixed flow control orifice directly in the nozzle for regulating the rate of flow of fluid to the atomizing discharge orifice thereof.

l Another object is to provide a nozzle having Y a chamber for mixing liquid and expansible uid under pressure preparatory to atomization thereof through the nozzle discharge orifice with an improved fiow control orifice arrangement for l regulating the mixture.

A further object is to provide an improved concentric small sized tubular type of nozzle construction h-aving a shutoff valve adjacent the nozzle tip and having the nozzle tip removable and provided with the regulating orifice arrangement so that different rates of iiuid flow may be obtained by substituting another tip with different regulating control orifices provided therein.

55 While of general application in fluid atomizing service, the improved regulating nozzle construction of the present invention is particularly adapted for use in a viscosity compensated rate control for oil burners of the type described and 80 claimed in the copending application of Walter O. Lum, Serial No. 19,268, filed May 1, 1935, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. Hence the principle of the present invention and the best mode in which applicant has contemplated applying that principle will be set forth and explained in connection with a fuel oil atomizing nozzle for oil burners.

In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a preferred form of fuel oil atomizing nozzle embodying the improvements of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a front view partly in section showing the nozzle in operative position in an oil burner combustion head and Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram indicating a preferred manner in which fuel oil and air under pressure may be supplied to the atomizingnozzle shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In the preferred form shown in Fig. 1, the fuel oil atomizing nozzle has a pair of concentric '.0 tubular fluid supply conduits I0 and II, oil under pressure being supplied through the inner conduit I0 and atomizing air under pressure being supplied between the .inner conduit I0 and outer conduit II. An oil cutoff valve seat I2 is located at the end of the oil supply conduit I0 with an enlarged recess 22 formed at the discharge end thereof. and with the tapering cutoff valve element I3 mounted on the movable valve stem Il in operating relation with the valve seat I2.

The atomizing nozzle tip 2li is removably se- 5 cured to the end of the inner conduit I0 by means of suitable screw threads 2I. The tip 20 has the chamber 22 formed therein in registering alinement with the enlarged recess 22 for mixing the oil and air under pressure preparatory to disl0 charge thereof through the atomizing discharge orifice ,23 located at the end of the tip. A thinwalled diaphragm 24 is mounted directly in the tip between the recess 22' and the chamber 22 and provided with the central sharp-edged flow l5 control orifice 25 for regulating the rate of flow of oil to the discharge orifice 23 of the nozzle `when the valve I3 israised to uncover the oil inlet port formed in the valve seat I2. Due to the thinness of diaphragm 24, the orifice -25 there- 20 in serves as a sharp edged control orifice even though there is no outward tapering or chamfering of the lower edges of the opening through diaphragm 24 shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing. In case a thick diaphragm were used, it would 25 be obvious that some such tapering or chamfering of the edge of the opening would be necessary to provide the sharp edged flow control orifice 25.

Air under pressure is supplied from the outer 30 conduit II to the chamber 22 through the air inlet port or orifice 26 which is formed tangentially in the side of the nozzle tip 20 so as to produce a whirling mixture of air and oil in chamber 22. An expansible gasket ring 2l of babbitt or other 35 suitable material serves to seal the end of the' outer conduit II with the nozzle tip 20 when the gasket 21 is compressed by means of the compression gland or outer nozzle tip 28 which is shown in screw-threaded engagement with the 40 outer conduit II.

In the nozzle construction illustrated in Fig. 1 the enlarged recess 22 at the bottom of the cutoff valve seat I2 is of the same diameter and in alignment with the chamber 22 formed in the 45 removable nozzle 4tip 20 thus constituting in effeet a single chamber with the diaphragm 24 having the flow control orifice 25 therein located in this chamber to segregate the oil inlet port in the valve seat I2 from the air inlet port 26 and 50 the discharge orifice 23.

The rate of fiow of oil into chamber 22 through the oil inlet port formed in the valve seat I2 is regulated by th'e size and character of the orifice 25 formed in the diaphragm 2l. At the same 55 time the rate of flow of air into chamber 22 is regulated by the size of the air inletvorifice 26. Thus by properly proportioning the orifices 25 and 26 the proper proportions of oil and air are mixed in the chamber 22 before discharge thereof through the discharge orifice 23. The pressure maintained in the mixing chamber 22 as well as the atomizing discharge characteristics of the mixed oil and air are dependent upon the size and character of the discharge orifice 23. Hence with the size and character of the three orifices 23, 25 and 26 once properly proportioned to obtain the desired rates of iiow and atomization characteristic, this relationship is permanently maintained.

For example, if it is desired to atomize the oil at the rate of a predetermined number of gallons per hour, the oil regulating orifice 25, the air regulating orifice 26 and the discharge orifice 23 are proportioned to provide the proper atomization characteristic at this rate. In case a different rate of oil atomization is desired, a substitute nozzle tip having a different size discharge orifice 23, air rate regulating orifice 26 and oil rate regulating orifice 25 may be provided for the desired rate. Since the compression gland 28 and the nozzle tip 20 are readily removable, it is a simple matter to substitute a different nozzle tip with the f orices therein proportioned for the desired rate of atomization.

Fig. 2 shows the improved nozzle construction of the present invention applied to an oil burner head of the type described and claimed in the copending application of John Eaton and Walter O. Lum, Serial No. 691,320, filed September 28, 1933, and assigned to the assignee of my present invention. As illustrated, the burner head 30 is located in a well 3| of an oil furnace with certain parts broken away to show the operating position of the atomizing nozzle, particularly the tip 20 and the compression gland 28. Suitable electrodes 32 are provided for igniting the atomized oil stream discharged from the nozzle tip 20. The burner head is provided with a combustion air inlet 33 which communicates with suitable conduits 34 and 35 for supplying the combustion air around the atomized oil stream. Oil is supplied to the combustion head through the oil pipe 36 which communicates with the interior of the oil supply conduit I0 of the nozzle. Atomizing air under pressure is supplied to the burner head through the pipe 31 which is suitably connected to communicate with the space between the inner conduit I0 and the outer conduit Ii of the nozzle. While not shown in detail, it will be understood that suitable means such as the electromagnet shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1 as of the type disclosed in the above Eaton and Lum application may be provided in the burner head for controlling the operation of the cutoff valve i3.

Fig. 3 illustrates the manner in which oil and air under pressure are supplied to the burner head 30. As shown diagrammatically, the oil and air are maintained under pressure in the sump 4l) of an electric motor driven oil and air pumping mechanism 4i which preferably is of the improved type disclosed and claimed in the copending application of Walter O. Lum, Serial No. 737,063, filed July 26, 1934,and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. The pumping mechanism is arranged to maintain the oil and air in the sump 40 under substantially constant equalized pressure. Thus when the improved nozzle construction of the present invention is used in a viscosity compensated oil flow control for oil burners of the type described and claimed in the Lum application, Serial No. 19.268 previously mentioned, the oil supply pipe 36 is proportioned to cooperate with the thin walled sharp edged oil flow orice 25 in the nozzle tip so as to maintain the oil rate substantially constant irrespective of variations in the viscosity of the oil. 'Ihe manner in which the oil supply conduit 36 and the orifice 25 are proportioned for this purpose is fully explained in the Lum application and need not be further explained herein. In such viscosity compensated oil rate control the improved nozzle construction of the present invention insures that the oil is maintained under substantially uniform pressure until it passes through the control orifice 25 into the mixing chamber 22 in the atomizing nozzle tip. Thus any air dissolved in the oil can not be released due to pressure reduction until the oil is in the mixing chamber. This edectively prevents any air accumulating in the oil supply conduits 36 which might result in interrupting the steady flow of oil.

When different size control orifices 25 are used in a viscosity compensated oil rate control of the above type to obtain different oil rates, the maximum compensation for variation in viscosity will not be obtained unless the oil supply conduit 36 is proportioned for each size of control orifice. However, where the oil rates do not vary substantially, the same oil conduit 36 may be employed successfully with different size control orifices where the maximum viscosity compensation is not required. Also, if desired, a suitable adjustable valve may be connected in the air supply pipe 31 as diagrammatically shown in Fig. 3 to regulate the flow of air to the air inlet orifice 26 in the nozzle tip 20. In this case the size of the air inlet orifice 26 will not determine the rate of air flow.

With the improved nozzle construction of the present invention, the nozzle tip 20 may be readily removed for cleaning. This is accomplished by inserting a suitable spanner wrench into the wrench sockets 36 provided in the exposed end of the nozzle tip after removing the packing gland 28 and the gasket 21.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A nozzle for atomizing liquid and expansible fluid having a liquid supply conduit, a cutoff valve at the end of said conduit with an enlarged recess formed at the discharge end thereof, a nozzle' tip removably connected to said valve with a liquid and expansible fluid mixing chamber formed therein in registering alinement with said recess, a thin wall sharp edge calibrated orifice mounted in the nozzle tip at one end of said mixing chamber for determining the rate of liquid flow from said recess into said mixing chamber when the valve is opened, an expansibleV fluid supply conduit surrounding said valve and removably sealed to said nozzle tip, a complementary calibrated inlet orifice formed in the nozzle tip adjacent said thin wall orifice for admitting expansible fluid from said expansible uid supply' conduit into the mixing chamber at a predetermined rate, and a complementary calibrated discharge orifice formed in the nome tip at the other end of said mixing chamber for determining the atomization characteristics of the liquid and expansible mixture discharged from said mixing chamber.

2. An atomizing nozzle having a removable tip with a cylindrical chamber formed therein for mixing liquid and expansible iluid under pressure. means for supplying liquid to said chamber including a cutoil' valve removably connected with one end of said nozzle tip and having a recess formed therein in alinement with said chamber. a thin wall sharp edge calibrated orifice mounted in said tip at one end of said chamber for regu- A lating the rate lof liquid iiow between said recess and said chamber when the cutoil valve is open, means for supplying expansible iluid to said tip including a calibrated inlet opening formed in the tip at one side oi' said chamber adjacent said thin wall orifice. said tip having a calibrated discharge orifice at the other end of said chamber for atomizing the vmixture discharged under pressure therefrom.

3. A device for discharging an atomized mixture of liquid and expansible uid under pressure including a pair of concentric tubes, means for separately supplying under pressure liquid to the inner tube and expansihle iluid to the outer 3 tube. a cutoR valve mounted inside the inner tube at the end thereof and having an enlarged recess formed at the discharge end thereof, a calibrated l:How regulating nozzle tip having a threaded screw connection with theinner tube and a removable compression seal connection with said outer tube and having a mixing chamber formed therein in registering alinement with said recess and provided with a calibrated atomizing discharge orliice at one end of said chamber and a complementary calibrated inlet port for expansibleiiuid extending through the. wall of the nozzle tip adjacent the other end of said mixing chamber for regulating the rate of expansible uid iow from said outer vtube to the mixing chamber and a complementary calibrated thin wall sharp edge orice mounted in the nozzle tip at said other end of said mixing chamber for regulating the rate of liquid flow-trom said' recess to said mixing chamber upon the opening o! said valve.

' GAYLORD H. WOTRING. 

